Create a standalone Owl application¶

For any number of reasons, you may want to have a standalone Owl application that isn’t a part of the web client. One example in Odoo is the self-ordering application, that lets customers order food from their phone. In this chapter we will go into what’s required to achieve something like this.

概览¶

To have a standalone Owl app, a few things are required:

a root component for the application
an assets bundle that contains the setup code
a QWeb view that calls the assets bundle
a controller that renders the view

1. Root component¶

To keep things simple, let’s start with a very straightforward component that just renders “Hello, World!”. This will let us know at a glance if our setup is working.

First, create the template in /your_module/static/src/standalone_app/root.xml.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<templates xml:space="preserve">
    <t t-name="your_module.Root">
        Hello, World!
    </t>
</templates>

Then create the JavaScript file for that component in /your_module/static/src/standalone_app/root.js.

import { Component } from "@odoo/owl";

export class Root extends Component {
    static template = "your_module.Root";
    static props = {};
}

It’s generally a good idea to have the application setup code that mounts the component in a separate file. Create the JavaScript file that will mount the app in /your_module/static/src/standalone_app/app.js.

import { whenReady } from "@odoo/owl";
import { mountComponent } from "@web/env";
import { Root } from "./root";

whenReady(() => mountComponent(Root, document.body));

The mountComponent utility function will take care of creating the Owl application and configuring it correctly: it will create an environment, start the services, make sure the app is translated and give the app access to the templates from your assets bundle, among other things.

另请参阅

Owl components reference.

2. Creating an assets bundle containing our code¶

In the manifest of your module, create a new assets bundle. It should include the web._assets_core bundle, which contains the Odoo JavaScript framework and the core libraries it needs (e.g. Owl and luxon), after which you can have a glob that adds all the files for your application in the bundle.

{
    # ...
    'assets': {
        'your_module.assets_standalone_app': [
            ('include', 'web._assets_helpers'),
            'web/static/src/scss/pre_variables.scss',
            'web/static/lib/bootstrap/scss/_variables.scss',
            ('include', 'web._assets_bootstrap'),
            ('include', 'web._assets_core'),
            'your_module/static/src/standalone_app/**/*',
        ],
    }
}

The other lines are bundles and scss files that are required to make Bootstrap work. They are mandatory, as the components of the web framework use bootstrap classes for their styling and layout.

小心

Make sure that the files for your standalone app are only added to this bundle, if you already have a definition for web.assets_backend or web.assets_frontend and they have globs, make sure these globs don’t match the files for your standalone app, otherwise the startup code for your app will conflict with the existing startup code in those bundles.

另请参阅

Module manifest reference.

3. XML view that calls the assets bundle¶

Now that we have created our assets bundle, we need to create a QWeb view that uses that assets bundle.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<odoo>
    <template id="your_module.standalone_app">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;
        <html>
            <head>
                <script type="text/javascript">
                    var odoo = {
                        csrf_token: "<t t-nocache="The csrf token must always be up to date." t-esc="request.csrf_token(None)"/>",
                        debug: "<t t-out="debug"/>",
                        __session_info__: <t t-esc="json.dumps(session_info)"/>,
                    };
                </script>
                <t t-call-assets="your_module.assets_standalone_app" />
            </head>
            <body/>
        </html>
    </template>
</odoo>

This template only does two things: it initializes the odoo global variable, then calls the assets bundle we just defined. Initializing the odoo global variable is a necessary step. This variable should be an object that contains the following:

The CSRF token, which is required to interact with HTTP controllers in many cases.
The debug value, which is used in many places to add additional logging or developer-friendly checks.
__session_info__, that contains information from the server that is always needed and for which we don’t want to perform an additional request. More on this in the next section.

4. Controller that renders the view¶

Now that we have the view, we need to make it accessible to the user. For that purpose, we will create an HTTP controller that renders that view and returns it to the user.

from odoo.http import request, route, Controller

class YourController(Controller):
    @route("/your_module/standalone_app", auth="public")
    def standalone_app(self):
        return request.render(
            'your_module.standalone_app',
            {
                'session_info': request.env['ir.http'].get_frontend_session_info(),
            }
        )

Notice how we’re giving the template session_info. We get it from the get_frontend_session_info method, and it will end up containing information used by the web framework, such as the current user’s ID if they are logged in, the server version, the Odoo edition, etc.

At this point, if you open the url /your_module/standalone_app in your brower, you should see a blank page with the text “Hello, World!”. At this point, you can start actually writing the code for your app.

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