哥伦比亚

Odoo’s Colombian localization package provides accounting, fiscal, and legal features for databases in Colombia – such as chart of accounts, taxes, and electronic invoicing.

In addition, a series of videos on the subject is also available. These videos cover how to start from scratch, set up configurations, complete common workflows, and provide in-depth looks at some specific use cases as well.

另请参阅

Smart Tutorial - Localización de Colombia

配置

模块安装

:ref:`安装 <general/install>`以下模块以获取哥伦比亚本地化的所有功能：

名称	技术名称	描述
哥伦比亚 - 会计	l10n_co	Default fiscal localization package. This module adds the base accounting features for the Colombian localization: chart of accounts, taxes, withholdings, and identification document type.
哥伦比亚 - 会计报告	l10n_co_reports	Includes accounting reports for sending certifications to suppliers for withholdings applied.
使用Carvajal进行哥伦比亚的电子发票	l10n_co_edi	This module includes the features required for integration with Carvajal, and generates the electronic invoices and support documents related to the vendor bills, based on DIAN regulations.
哥伦比亚 - 销售点	l10n_co_pos	安装哥伦比亚本地化模块

注解

When Colombia is selected for a company’s Fiscal Localization, Odoo automatically installs certain modules.

公司配置

要配置您的公司信息，请转到 联系人 应用程序并搜索您公司的名称。

Alternatively, activate developer mode and navigate to General Setting ‣ Company ‣ Update Info ‣ Contact. Then, edit the contact form and configure the following information:

• 完整的 公司名称。

• Address: Including City, Department and ZIP code.

• Identification Number: Select the Identification Type (NIT, Cédula de Ciudadanía, Registro Civil, etc.). When the Identification Type is NIT, the Identification Number must have the verification digit at the end of the ID prefixed by a hyphen (-).

在 销售和采购 选项卡中配置 财务信息：

• Obligaciones y Responsabilidades: Select the fiscal responsibility for the company (O-13 Gran Contribuyente, O-15 Autorretenedor, O-23 Agente de retención IVA, O-47 Regimen de tributación simple, R-99-PN No Aplica).

• Gran Contribuyente: If the company is Gran Contribuyente this option should be selected.

• Fiscal Regimen: Select the Tribute Name for the company (IVA, INC, IVA e INC, or No Aplica)

• Commercial Name: If the company uses a specific commercial name, and it needs to be displayed in the invoice.

凭证配置

Once the modules are installed, the user credentials must be configured, in order to connect with Carvajal Web Service. To do so, navigate to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Settings and scroll to the Colombian Electronic Invoicing section. Then, fill in the required configuration information provided by Carvajal:

• Username and Password: Username and password (provided by Carvajal) to the company.

• Company Registry: Company’s NIT number without the verification code.

• Account ID: Company’s NIT number followed by _01.

• Colombia Template Code: Select one of the two available templates (CGEN03 or CGNE04) to be used in the PDF format of the electronic invoice.

Enable the Test mode checkbox to connect with the Carvajal testing environment.

一旦Odoo和Carvajal完全配置并准备好投入生产，可以通过取消选择 测试模式 复选框来禁用测试环境。

重要

Test mode must only be used on duplicated databases, not the production environment.

联系人配置。

报告数据可以在PDF中作为可配置信息的一部分，为财务部分和银行信息定义，并通过XML发送。

Navigate to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Settings, and scroll to the Colombian Electronic Invoicing section, in order to find the Report Configuration fields. Here the header information for each report type can be configured.

• 国家:

• 中间名

• 地址

• 地址

• 住房津贴;

• 主要活动领域

• 通过邮寄。

合作伙伴配置

合作伙伴

Partner contacts can be created in the Contacts app. To do so, navigate to Contacts, and click the Create button.

联系人类型： 个人 ：或者 公司 ：

Complete the full Address, including the City, State, and ZIP code. Then, complete the identification and fiscal information.

身份证明

Identification types, defined by the DIAN, are available on the partner form, as part of the Colombian localization. Colombian partners must have their Identification Number (VAT) and Document Type set.

小技巧

When the Document Type is NIT, the Identification Number needs to be configured in Odoo, including the verification digit at the end of the ID, prefixed by a hyphen (`-`).

财务信息

The partner’s responsibility codes (section 53 in the RUT document) are included as part of the electronic invoicing module, as it is required by the DIAN.

所需字段可以在 合作伙伴 ‣ 销售和采购选项卡 ‣ 财务信息 中找到。

• Obligaciones y Responsabilidades: Select the fiscal responsibility for the company (O-13 Gran Contribuyente, O-15 Autorretenedor, O-23 Agente de retención IVA, O-47 Regimen de tributación simple, or R-99-PN No Aplica).

• Gran Contribuyente: If the company is Gran Contribuyente this option should be selected.

• Fiscal Regimen: Select the tribute name for the company (IVA, INC, IVA e INC, or No Aplica)

• Commercial Name: If the company uses a specific commercial name, and it needs to be displayed in the invoice.

产品

您可以通过转到 会计 ‣ 客户 ‣ 产品 来编辑您的产品。

When adding general information on the product form, it is required that either the UNSPSC Category (Accounting tab), or Internal Reference (General Information tab) field is configured. Be sure to Save the product once configured.

税费

To create or modify taxes, go to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Taxes, and select the related tax.

If sales transactions include products with taxes, the Value Type field in the Advanced Options tab needs to be configured per tax. Retention tax types (ICA, IVA, Fuente) are also included. This configuration is used to display taxes correctly in the invoice PDF.

销售日志

Once the DIAN has assigned the official sequence and prefix for the electronic invoice resolution, the sales journals related to the invoice documents must be updated in Odoo. To do so, navigate to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Journals, and select an existing sales journal, or create a new one with the Create button.

On the sales journal form, input the Journal Name, Type, and set a unique Short Code in the Journals Entries tab. Then, configure the following data in the Advanced Settings tab:

• Electronic invoicing: Enable UBL 2.1 (Colombia).

• Invoicing Resolution: Resolution number issued by DIAN to the company.

• 账单日期：是文档的发行日期。

• Resolution end date: End date of the resolution’s validity.

• 基于文档参考: 销售订单或发票号码

• 基于文档参考: 销售订单或发票号码

注解

The sequence and resolution of the journal must match the one configured in Carvajal and the DIAN.

发票费用

The invoice sequence and prefix must be correctly configured when the first document is created.

注解

Odoo automatically assigns a prefix and sequence to the following invoices.

采购文件

Once the DIAN has assigned the official sequence and prefix for the support document related to vendor bills, the purchase journals related to their supporting documents need to be updated in Odoo. The process is similar to the configuration of the sales journals.

科目表

默认情况下， 会计科目 作为本地化模块中包含的数据集的一部分进行安装。这些科目会自动映射到相应的税项，以及默认的应付账款和应收账款字段。

主要工作流程

电子发票

The following is a breakdown of the main workflow for electronic invoices with the Colombian localization:

1. 创建发票

2. Electronic invoice provider generates the legal XML file.

3. Electronic invoice provider creates the CUFE (Invoice Electronic Code) with the electronic signature.

4. Electronic invoice provider sends a notification to DIAN.

5. 发票有误

6. DIAN accepts or rejects the invoice.

7. Electronic invoice provider generates the PDF invoice with a QR code.

8. Electronic invoice provider sends invoice to the acquirer.

9. Acquirer sends a receipt of acknowledgement, and accepts or rejects the invoice.

10. Sender downloads a .zip file with the PDF and XML.

发票创建

注解

The functional workflow taking place before an invoice validation does not alter the main changes introduced with the electronic invoice.

Electronic invoices are generated and sent to both the DIAN and customer through Carvajal’s web service integration. These documents can be created from your sales order or manually generated. To create a new invoice, go to Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Invoices, and select Create. On the invoice form configure the following fields:

• 客户: 输入客户的信息。

• 日记账：这是供应商账单的日记账。

• Electronic Invoice Type: Select the type of document. By default, Factura de Venta is selected.

• 产品: 指定带有正确税率的产品。

完整的 公司名称。

发票验证

发票验证通过后，将自动生成一个XML文件并自动发送给Carvajal。该文件也会显示在聊天中。

The Electronic Invoice Name field is now displayed in the EDI Documents tab, with the name of the XML file. Additionally, the Electronic Invoice Status field is displayed with the initial value To Send. To process the invoice manually, click on the Process Now button.

接收法定的XML和PDF文件

The electronic invoice vendor (Carvajal) receives the XML file, and proceeds to validate its structure and information.

After validating the electronic invoice, proceed to generate a legal XML which includes a digital signature and a unique code (CUFE), a PDF invoice that includes a QR code and the CUFE is also generated. If everything is correct the Electronic Invoicing field value changes to Sent.

A .zip containing the legal electronic invoice (in XML format) and the invoice in (PDF format) is downloaded and displayed in the invoice chatter:

电子发票状态更改为 已接受。

贷项通知单

The process for credit notes is the same as for invoices. To create a credit note with reference to an invoice, go to Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Invoices. On the invoice, click Add Credit Note, and complete the following information:

• 信用方式：选择信用方式的类型。

  • 部分退款: 使用此选项当您需要输入文档的第一个数字，并且它是部分信用票据。

  • 全额退款: 如果信用票据是针对整个发票的，且您需要信用票据自动验证和与发票对账，请使用此选项。

  • 全额退款和新草稿发票: 如果信用票据是针对整个发票的，并且您希望信用票据自动验证和与发票对账，并自动创建新的草稿发票，请使用此选项。

• 原因: 输入贷项通知的原因。

• Reversal Date: Select if you want a specific date for the credit note or if it is the journal entry date.

• 使用特定账簿: 选择您的贷项通知的打印点，如果您想使用与原始发票相同的账簿，则留空。

• Refund Date: If you chose a specific date, select the date for the refund.

一旦审核完毕，您可以点击 反转 按钮。

借记通知单

The process for debit notes is similar to credit notes. To create a debit note with reference to an invoice, go to Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Invoices. On the invoice, click the Add Debit Note button, and enter the following information:

• 原因: 输入借记通知的原因。

• Debit note date: Select the specific options.

• 复制行: 选择此选项，如果您需要注册一张与发票相同的借记通知。

• 使用特定账簿: 选择您的贷项通知的打印点，如果您想使用与原始发票相同的账簿，则留空。

一旦审核完毕，您可以点击 创建借记通知单 按钮。

支持的支付提供商

With master data, credentials, and the purchase journal configured for support documents related to vendor bills, you can start using support documents.

Support documents for vendor bills can be created from your purchase order or manually. Go to Accounting ‣ Vendors ‣ Bills and fill in the following data:

• 供应商: 输入供应商的信息。

• 账单日期：选择发票日期。

• 日记账：这是供应商账单的日记账。

• 产品: 指定带有正确税率的产品。

Once reviewed, click the Confirm button. Upon confirmation, an XML file is created and automatically sent to Carvajal.

常见错误

During the XML validation, the most common errors are related to missing master data (Contact Tax ID, Address, Products, Taxes). In such cases, error messages are shown in the chatter after updating the electronic invoice status.

After the master data is corrected, it’s possible to reprocess the XML with the new data and send the updated version, using the Retry button.

财务报告

ICA扣留证书

This report is a certification to vendors for withholdings made for the Colombian Industry and Commerce (ICA) tax. The report can be found under Accounting ‣ Reporting ‣ Colombian Statements ‣ Certificado de Retención en ICA.

增值税扣缴证书

转到 会计 ‣ 报告 ‣ 哥伦比亚报表 ‣ 增值税扣除证明。

源泉扣缴证书

转到 会计 ‣ 报告 ‣ 哥伦比亚报表 ‣ 源税扣除证明。