墨西哥

网络研讨会

A video on the Mexican localization is also available. This video covers how to implement this localization from scratch, including how to set up the configurations, how to complete common workflows, and provides an in-depth look at several specific use cases, as well.

• Webinar - Localización de Argentina.

介绍

The Odoo Mexican localization modules allow for the signing of electronic invoices, according to the specifications of the SAT for version 4.0 of the CFDI, a legal requirement, as of January 1, 2022. These modules also add relevant accounting reports (such as: the DIOT, enables foreign trade, and the creation of delivery guides).

注解

In order to electronically sign any documents in Odoo, ensure the Sign application is installed.

配置

需求

It is necessary to meet the following requirements before configuring the Mexican localization modules in Odoo:

1. 在SAT注册并拥有RFC。

2. 拥有 数字印章证书 (CSD)。

3. 选择一个PAC并购买邮票。目前Odoo中的墨西哥位置与以下PAC合作： Solución Factible <https://solucionfactible.com/> _， Quadrum（前身为Finkok）<https://cfdiquadrum.com.mx/index.html> _和 SW Sapien - Smarter Web <https://sw.com.mx/> _。

4. Have knowledge and experience with billing, sales, and accounting in Odoo. This documentation only contains the necessary information needed to use Odoo.

印度本地化模块

Install the following modules to get all the features of the Mexican localization. The Accounting and Contacts modules are required to be installed for this configuration:

名称	技术名称	描述
英国 - 会计	l10n_mx	The default fiscal localization package, adds accounting characteristics for the Mexican localization, such as: the most common taxes and the chart of accounts – based on the SAT account grouping code.
演示	l10n_mx_edi	包括生成和验证 电子文档 的所有技术和功能要求，基于SRI发布的技术文档。授权的文档包括：发票、贷项通知单、借项通知单、代扣和采购结算。
演示	l10n_mx_edi_40	Necessary to create XML documents with the correct specifications of the CFDI 4.0.
印度 - 会计报告	l10n_mx_reports	所有电子会计的必备报告。(需要会计应用程序。)
比利时 - 会计报告	l10n_in_reports_gstr	Necessary to create the Closing Entry (Also known as the month 13th move).
罗马尼亚 SAF-T 导出	l10n_co_pos	Allows the export of XML files of Journal Entries for a compulsory audit.
Odoo Mexican XML Polizas Export Edi bridge	l10n_mx_xml_polizas_edi	Complements the module l10n_mx_xml_polizas.

注解

When installing a database from scratch and selecting Mexico as the country, Odoo automatically installs the following modules: Mexico - Accounting, EDI for Mexico, and EDI v4.0 for Mexico.

The following modules are optional. It’s recommended to install them only if meeting a specific requirement. Make sure that they are needed for the business.

名称	技术名称	描述
EDI for Mexico (Advanced Features)	l10n_mx_edi_extended	Adds the external trade complement to invoices: A legal requirement for selling products to foreign countries.
EDI v4.0 for Mexico (COMEX)	l10n_mx_edi_extended_40	Adapts the module l10n_mx_edi_extended for CFDI 4.0.
阿根廷电子发票	l10n_in_stock	Lets you create a Carta Porte: A bill of lading that proves to the government you are sending goods between A & B with a signed electronic document.
Electronic Delivery Guide for Mexico CFDI 4.0	l10n_in_stock	Adapts the module l10n_mx_edi_stock for CFDI 4.0
Odoo Mexico Localization for Stock/Landing	l10n_mx_edi_landing	Allows managing customs numbers related to landed costs in electronic documents.

配置您的公司

After installing the correct modules, the next step is to verify that your company is configured with the correct data. To do so, go to Settings ‣ General Settings ‣ Companies, and select Update Info under your company name.

地址`（添加 :guilabel:`城市， 州， 邮编， 国家）

According to the requirements of the CFDI 4.0, the name of the main company contact must coincide with your business name registered in the SAT, without the legal entity abbreviation.

重要

From a legal point of view, a Mexican company must use the local currency (MXN). Therefore, Odoo does not provide features to manage an alternative configuration. If you want to manage another currency, let MXN be the default currency and use a pricelist, instead.

Next, go to Settings ‣ Accounting ‣ Electronic Invoicing (MX) ‣ Fiscal Regime, then select the regime that applies to your company from the drop-down list, and click Save.

小技巧

If you want to test the Mexican localization, the company can be configured with a real address within Mexico (including all fields), and add EKU9003173C9 as the VAT and ESCUELA KEMPER URGATE as the Company Name. For the Fiscal Regime, use General de Ley Personas Morales.

联系人

To create a contact that can be invoiced, go to Contacts ‣ Create. Then, enter the contact name, full Address including: ZIP code, State, Country, and RFC (VAT number).

重要

As with your own company, all of your contacts needs to have their correct business name registered in the SAT. This also applies to the Fiscal Regime, which needs to be added in the MX EDI tab.

税费

Some additional configurations for factor type and tax objects need to be added to the sales taxes in order to properly sign invoices.

因子类型错误

The Factor Type field is pre-loaded in the default taxes. If new taxes are created, you need to make sure to configure this field. To do so, go to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Taxes, then enable the Factor Type field in the Advanced Options tab for all records, with the Tax Type set as Sales.

小技巧

Mexico manages two different kinds of 0% VAT to accommodate two scenarios:

• 0% VAT set the Factor Type as Tasa

• VAT Exempt set the Factor Type as Exento

税收范围

One requirement of the CFDI 4.0 is that the resulting XML file needs (or does not need) to break down the taxes of the operation. There are three different possible values that are added in the XML file:

• 01: Not subject to tax - this value is added automatically if your invoice line doesn’t contain any taxes.

• 02: Subject to tax - this is the default configuration of any invoice line that contains taxes.

• 03: Subject to tax and not forced to break down - this value can be triggered on-demand for certain customers to replace the value 02.

To use the 03 value, navigate to Contacts ‣ your customer’s invoice ‣ MX EDI tab, and activate the No Tax Breakdown checkbox.

重要

The No Tax Breakdown value applies only to specific fiscal regimes and/or taxes. Consult your accountant first to see if it is needed for your business before making any modification.

税务配置。

When registering a payment, Odoo will carry out the movement of taxes from the Cash Basis Transition Account to the account set in the Definition tab. For such movement, a tax base account will be used: (Base Imponible de Impuestos en Base a Flujo de Efectivo) in the journal entry when reclassifying taxes. Do not delete this account.

If you create a new tax in Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Taxes, you need to add the correct Tax Grids for it (IVA, ISR or IEPS). Odoo only supports these three groups of taxes.

产品

To configure products, go to Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Products, then select a product to configure, or Create a new one. In the Accounting tab, and in the UNSPSC Product Category field, select the category that represents the product. The process can be done manually, or through a bulk import.

注解

所有要销售的产品都需要与其分类关联的SAT代码，以便在验证时发票不会出现错误。

电子发票

PAC 凭据

After you have processed your Private Key (CSD) with the SAT, you must register directly with the PAC of your choice before you start creating invoices from Odoo.

Once you’ve created your account with any of these providers, go to Settings ‣ Accounting ‣ Electronic Invoicing (MX). Under the MX PAC section, enter the name of your PAC with your credentials (PAC username and PAC password).

小技巧

If you do not have credentials, but want to test the electronic invoicing, you can activate the MX PAC test environment checkbox, and select Solucion Factible as the PAC. You do not need to add a username or password for a test environment.

请求证书。

The digital certificates of the company must be uploaded within the MX Certificates section. To do so, navigate to Settings ‣ Accounting ‣ Electronic Invoicing (MX). Under the MX Certificates section, select Add a line, and a window will open. Click Create, and from there, upload your digital Certificate (.cer file), your Certificate Key (.key file), and your Certificate Password. To finish, click on Save & Close.

小技巧

如果您仍未签约任何PAC并且想要测试电子发票，您可以使用以下SAT测试证书：

• 证书

• 证书密钥

• 密码： 12345678a

工作流程

电子发票

Odoo中的发票流程基于 Annex 20 <http://omawww.sat.gob.mx/tramitesyservicios/Paginas/anexo_20_version3-3.htm> _版本3.3的SAT电子发票。

客户发票

To start invoicing from Odoo, a customer invoice must be created using the standard invoicing flow.

While the document is in draft mode, changes can be made to it (the correct Payment Way or Usage that the customer might require can be added, for example.)

After you Confirm the customer invoice, a blue message appears stating: The invoice will be processed asynchronously by the following E-invoicing service: CFDI (4.0).

Pressing the Process Now button sends the document to the government so it can be signed. After receiving the signed document back from the government, the Fiscal Folio field appears on the document, and the XML file is attached in the chatter.

小技巧

If you click Retry in the SAT status field on the invoice, you can confirm if the XML file is valid in the SAT.

If you are in a testing environment, you will always receive the message Not Found.

To send the signed invoice to your client by mail, you can send both the XML and PDF files together, directly from Odoo, by clicking the Send & Print button. You can also download the PDF file to your computer, by clicking the Print button, and selecting the desired print option.

贷项通知单

While an invoice is a document type “I” (Ingreso), a credit note is a document type “E” (Egreso).

The only addition to the standard flow for credit notes is that, as a requirement of the SAT, there has to be a relation between a credit note and an invoice through the fiscal folio.

Because of this requirement, the field CFDI Origin adds this relation with a 01|, followed by the fiscal folio of the original invoice.

小技巧

For the CFDI Origin field to be automatically added, use the Add Credit Note button from the invoice, instead of creating it manually.

支付结果

付款政策

One addition of the Mexican localization is the Payment Policy field. According to the SAT documentation, there are two types of payments:

• PUE (Pago en una Sola Exhibición/Payment in a Single Exhibition)

• PPD (Pago en Parcialidades o Diferido/Payment in Installements or Deferred)

  另请参阅

  Landed costs

The difference lies in the Due Date or Payment Terms of the invoice.

To configure PUE invoices, navigate to Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Invoices, and either select an invoice Due Date within the same month, or choose a payment term that does not imply changing the due month (immediate payment, 15 days, 21 days, all falling within the current month).

小技巧

Some Payment Terms are already installed by default, and can be managed from Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Payment Terms.

To configure PPD invoices, navigate to Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Invoices, and select an invoice with a Due Date after the first day of the following month. This also applies if your Payment Term is due in the following month.

重要

Because the PPD policy implies that an invoice is not going to get paid at the moment, the correct Payment Way for the PPD invoices is 99 - Por Definir (To define).

付款流程来自

In both cases, the payment process in Odoo is the same, the main difference being payments related to PPD invoices trigger the creation of a document type “P” (Pago).

If a payment is related to a PUE invoice, it can be registered with the wizard, and be associated with the corresponding invoice. To do so, navigate to Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Invoices, and select an invoice. Then, click the Register Payment button. The invoice status changes to In Payment, since the payment is effectively validated when it is bank reconciled.

另请参阅

银行对账

While this process is the same for PPD invoices, the addition of the creating an electronic document means some additional requirements are needed to correctly send the document to the SAT.

From an invoice, you need to confirm the specific Payment Way where you received the payment. Because of this, the Payment Way field cannot be set as 99 - Por Definir (To Define).

If you are going to add a bank account number in the Accounting tab of a customer’s contact card, it must have a valid account number.

注解

The exact configurations are in the Anexo 20 of the SAT. Usually, the Bank Account needs to be 10 or 18 digits for transfers, 16 for credit or debit cards.

If a payment is related to a signed invoice with the Payment Policy PPD, Odoo generates the corresponding payment complement automatically, once you click Process Now.

警告

A payment in MXN cannot be used to pay multiple invoices in USD. Instead, the payment should be separated into multiple payments, using the Register Payment button on the corresponding invoices.

电子发票作废

It is possible to cancel the EDI documents sent to the SAT. According to the Reforma Fiscal 2022, since January 1st, 2022, there are two requirements for this:

• With all cancellation requests, you must specify a cancellation reason.

• After 24 hours have passed since the creation of the invoice, the client must be asked to accept the cancellation.

There are four different cancellation reasons. In Odoo, you can cancel invoices with the reasons 01 Invoices sent with errors with a relation, and 02 Invoices sent with errors without a relation.

The following sections break down the process of cancelling invoices for each cancellation reason in Odoo.

重要

Odoo has certain limitations to cancelling invoices in the SAT: The reasons 03 and 04 (Operation did not take place and Nominative transactions related to a global invoice, respectively) are not currently supported by Odoo. For this, you need to cancel the invoice directly in the SAT, and press Retry in the SAT Status field.

01 - invoices sent with errors with a relation

This cancellation reason must be used when a new invoice needs to substitute the original one, due to an error in any field.

Begin by navigating to Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Invoices, and select the old invoice. Copy the Fiscal Folio from the old invoice. Then, navigate to the new invoice, and in the CFDI Origin field, add the value 04| and paste the Fiscal Folio of the old invoice after the value. Finally, sign the new document.

Next, navigate back to the old invoice, and notice the Substituted By field is now available. Click the Request EDI Cancellation button on the old invoice, and then click Process Now in the blue section that appears. The invoice status changes to Cancelled, and a confirmation is logged in the chatter.

Now, the invoice should be cancelled in the SAT as well. You can confirm this was done correctly, by pressing Retry in the SAT status field.

If the document was cancelled more than 24 hours after its creation, you may need to ask the client to accept the cancellation in their “Buzón Tributario” directly from the SAT website.

注解

The 04| is only a code that helps Odoo to perform this process. It has no relation to the method 04 reason for cancellation.

02 - invoices sent with errors without a relation

This cancellation reason has to be used when an invoice was sent with an error in any field, and does not need to be replaced by another one.

你可以通过转到 会计 ‣ 客户 ‣ 发票 或者点击相关发票来创建一个借记通知单。在发票表单视图中，点击 添加借记通知单，填写信息，然后点击 创建。

Because the field Substituted By does not appear when using this cancellation reason, the SAT should automatically detect that the cancellation reason is 02.

付款对账

It is also possible to cancel Payment Complements. For this, go to the payment, via Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Payments, and select Request EDI Cancellation. As with invoices, a blue button will appear. Click Process now, and the document will be sent to the SAT. After a few seconds, you can click Retry to confirm the current SAT status.

如果状态为 匹配：

注解

Just like invoices, when you create a new Payment Complement, you can add the relation of the original document, by adding a 04| plus the fiscal folio in the CFDI Origin field.

发票特殊情况

CFDI to public

If the customer you are selling goods or services to does not require an invoice, a CFDI to Public has to be created.

If you use the Customer name PUBLICO EN GENERAL, an error will be triggered. This is a main change in the CFDI 4.0 that requires invoices with that specific name to need additional fields, which Odoo does not currently support. So, for a CFDI to Public to be created, you need to add any name to your customer that is not PUBLICO EN GENERAL. (For example: CLIENTE FINAL).

In addition to this, it is required that the ZIP code of your company is added, the generic RFC is set as XAXX010101000, and the Fiscal Regime of your customer must be set as: Sin obligaciones fiscales.

多币种

The main currency in Mexico is MXN. While this is mandatory for all Mexican companies, it is possible to send and receive invoices (and payments) in different currencies. To enable the use of multicurrency, navigate to the Accounting ‣ Settings ‣ Currencies, and set Mexican Bank as the Service in the Automatic Currency Rates section. Then, set the Interval field to the frequency you wish to update the exchange rates.

This way, the XML file of the document will have the correct exchange rate, and the total amount, in both the foreign currency and in MXN.

It is highly recommended to use a bank account for each currency.

注解

The only currencies that automatically update their exchange rate daily are: USD, EUR, GBP, and JPY.

首付款

There can be cases where you receive a payment in advance from a customer that needs to be applied to an invoice later. In order to do this in Odoo, it is required to properly link invoices to each other with the CFDI Origin field. To do so, it is necessary to have the Sales app installed.

另请参阅

The official documentation for registration of down payments in Mexico.

First, navigate to the Sales app to create a product Anticipo and configure it. The Product Type must be Service, and use the UNSPSC Category must be: 84111506 Servicios de facturación.

Then, go to Sales ‣ Settings ‣ Invoicing ‣ Down Payments, and add the Anticipo product as the default.

Create a sales order with the total amount, and create a down payment (either using a percentage or fixed amount). Then, sign the document, and Register the Payment.

When the time comes for the customer to get the final invoice, create it again from the same sales order. In the Create Invoices wizard, select Regular Invoice, and uncheck Deduct down payments.

Then, copy the Fiscal Folio from the first invoice, and paste it into the CDFI Origin of the second invoice, adding the prefix 07| before the value. Then, sign the document.

After this, create a credit note for the first invoice. Copy the Fiscal Folio from the second invoice, and paste it in the CFDI Origin of the credit note, adding the prefix 07|. Then, sign the document.

With this, all electronic documents are linked to each other. The final step is to fully pay the new invoice. At the bottom of the new invoice, you can find the credit note in the Outstanding credits - add it as payment. Finally, register the remaining amount with the Register Payment wizard.

外贸发票

Odoo中的外贸发票流程基于相应的 SAT规定 <http://omawww.sat.gob.mx/tramitesyservicios/Paginas/complemento_comercio_exterior.htm> _。 SAT电子发票版本为3.3。

• The specific address of the receiver and the sender

• The addition of a Tariff Fraction that identifies the type of product

• The correct Incoterm (International Commercial Terms), among others (certificate of origin and special units of measure).

这是电子发票的附件，允许识别出口商和进口商，同时扩展销售商品的描述。

Since January 1, 2018, external trade is a requirement for taxpayers, who carry export operations of type A1. While the current CFDI is 4.0, the external trade is currently on version 1.1

In order to use this feature, the modules l10n_mx_edi_extended and l10n_mx_edi_extended_40 have to be installed.

重要

Before installing, make sure your business needs to use this feature. Consult your accountant first, if needed, before installing any modules.

配置

联系人

To configure your company contact for external trade, navigate to Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Customers, and select your Company. While the CFDI 4.0 requirements ask you to add a valid ZIP code in your contact, the external trade complement adds the requirement that your City and the State must also be valid. All three fields must coincide with the Official SAT Catalog, or you will receive an error.

警告

Add the City and State in the company’s contact, not in the company itself. You can find your company’s contact in Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Customers.

The fields Locality and Colony Code are optional and can be added in the company directly in Settings ‣ General Settings ‣ Companies. These two fields have to coincide with the data in the SAT.

To configure the contact data for a foreign receiving client, navigate to Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Customers, and select the foreign client’s contact. The contact must have the following fields completed to avoid errors:

1. The entire company Address, including a valid ZIP code and the foreign Country.

2. The format of the foreign VAT (tax identification number, for example: Colombia 123456789-1)

3. In the MX EDI tab, you need to address if the customer receives goods for a period of time temporarily (Temporary) or permanently (Definitive).

重要

If the new contact was created by duplicating another existing contact from Mexico, make sure to delete any carried over information from the Fiscal Regime field. In addition, do not enable the No Tax Breakdown option. Selecting this option hides mandatory fields that are required for external trade contact configuration.

注解

In the resulting XML and PDF files, the VAT is automatically replaced by the generic VAT for abroad transactions: XEXX010101000.

产品

All products involved with external trade have four fields that are required, two of them exclusive to external trade.

1. The Internal Reference of the product is in the General Information tab.

2. The Weight of the product must be more than 0.

3. The correct Tariff Fraction of the product in the Accounting tab.

4. The UMT Aduana corresponds to the Tariff Fraction.

小技巧

• If the UoM code of the Tariff Fraction is 01, the correct UMT Aduana is kg.

• If the UoM code of the Tariff Fraction is 06, the correct UMT Aduana is Units.

发票流程

Before creating an invoice, it is important to take into account that external trade invoices require to convert the amounts of your product into USD. Therefore, multicurrency must be enabled and USD must be activated in the Currencies section. The correct Service to run is Mexican Bank.

Then, with the correct exchange rate set up in Accounting ‣ Settings ‣ Currency, the only fields left are Incoterm and the optional Certificate Source in the Other Info tab.

Finally, sign the invoice with the same process as a regular invoice, and click the Process Now button.

送货指南

A Carta Porte is a bill of lading: a document that states the type, quantity, and destination of goods being carried.

On December 1st, 2021, version 2.0 of this CFDI was implemented for all transportation providers, intermediaries, and owners of goods. Odoo is able to generate a document type “T” (Traslado), which, unlike other documents, is created in a delivery order instead of an invoice or payment.

Odoo can create XML and PDF files with (or without) ground transport, and can process materials that are treated as Dangerous Hazards.

In order to use this feature, the modules l10n_mx_edi_extended, l10n_mx_edi_extended_40, l10n_mx_edi_stock and l10n_mx_edi_stock_40 have to be installed.

In addition to this, it is necessary to have the Inventory and Sales apps installed, as well.

重要

Odoo does not support Carta Porte type document type “I” (Ingreso), air, or marine transport. Consult your accountant first if this feature is needed before doing any modifications.

配置

创建、管理和控制您的不同类型的支票

• No Federal Highways: Is used when the Distance to Destination is less than 30 KM.

• Federal Transport: Is used when the Distance to Destination exceeds 30 KM.

Other than the standard requirements of regular invoicing (The RFC of the customer, the UNSPSC code, etc.), if you are using No Federal Highways, no external configuration is needed.

For Federal Transport, several configurations have to be added to contacts, vehicle setups, and products. Those configurations are added to the XML and PDF files.

联系人应用程序（免费）

Like the external trade feature, the Address in both the company and the final customer must be complete. The ZIP code, City, and State must coincide with the Official SAT Catalog for Carta Porte <sat-catalog_>_.

小技巧

The field, Locality, is optional for both addresses.

重要

The origin address used for the delivery guide is set in Inventory ‣ Configuration ‣ Warehouses Management ‣ Warehouses. While this is set as the company address by default, you can change it according to your correct warehouse address.

Another addition to this feature is the Vehicle Setups menu found in Inventory ‣ Settings ‣ Mexico. This menu lets you add all the information related to the vehicle used for the delivery order.

All fields are mandatory to create a correct delivery guide.

小技巧

The fields, Vehicle Plate Number and Number Plate, must contain between 5 to 7 characters.

In the Intermediaries section, you must add the operator of the vehicle. The only mandatory fields for this contact are the VAT and Operator Licence.

产品

Similar to regular invoicing, all products must have a UNSPSC category. In addition to this, there are two extra configurations for products involved in delivery guides:

• The Product Type must be set as Storable Product for stock movements to be created.

• In the Inventory tab, the field Weight should have more than 0.

警告

Creating a delivery guide of a product with the value 0 will trigger an error. As the Weight has been already stored in the delivery order, it is needed to return the products, and create the delivery order (and delivery guide) again with the correct amounts.

Sales and inventory flow

To create a delivery guide, first, you need to create and confirm a sales order from Sales ‣ Sales Order. This generates a Delivery smart button. Click it, and Validate the transfer.

After the status is set to Done, you can edit the transfer, and select the Transport Type (either No Federal Highways or Federal Transport).

If your delivery guide has the type No Federal Highways, you can save the transfer, and then click Generate Delivery Guide. The resulting XML can be found in the chatter.

注解

Other than the UNSPSC in all products, delivery guides that use No Federal Highways do not require any special configuration to be sent to the government.

If your delivery guide has the type, Federal Transport, the tab MX EDI appears. There, enter a value in Distance to Destination (KM) bigger than 0, and select the Vehicle Setup used for this delivery.

Dangerous hazards

Certain values in the UNSPSC Category are considered in the official SAT catalog as dangerous hazards. These categories need additional considerations when creating a delivery guide with Federal Transport.

First, select your product from Inventory ‣ Products ‣ Products. Then, in the Accounting tab, the fields Hazardous Material Designation Code (MX) and Hazardous Packaging (MX) must be filled with the correct code from the SAT catalog.

In Inventory ‣ Settings ‣ Mexico ‣ Vehicle Setup, the data from the Environment Insurer and Environment Insurance Policy has to be filed, as well. After this, continue with the regular process to create a delivery guide.

报关号码

A customs declaration (Pedimento Aduanero) is a fiscal document that certifies that all contributions to the fiscal entity (the SAT) has been paid for, including the import/export of goods.

According to the Annex 20 of CFDI 4.0, in documents where the invoiced goods come from a first-hand import operation, the field, Customs Number, needs to be added to all lines of products involved with the operation.

To do so, the module l10n_mx_edi_landing must be installed, in addition to the Inventory, Purchase and Sales apps.

重要

Do not confuse this feature with external trade. The customs numbers are directly related to importing goods, while the external trade complement is related to exporting. Consult your accountant first if this feature is needed before doing any modifications.

配置

In order to track the correct customs number for a specific invoice, Odoo uses landed costs. Go to Inventory ‣ Configuration ‣ Settings ‣ Valuation. Make sure that Landed Costs is activated.

Begin by creating a service-type product called, Pedimento. In the Purchase tab, activate Is a Landed Cost, and select a Default Split Method.

Then, configure the storable products that hold the customs numbers. To do so, create the storable products, and make sure the Product Category has the following configuration.

• Costing Method: Either FIFO or AVCO

• Inventory Valuation: Automated

• Stock Valuation Account: 115.01.01 Inventario

• Stock Journal: Inventory Valuation

• Stock Input Account: 115.05.01 Mercancías en tránsito

• Stock Output Account: 115.05.01 Mercancías en tránsito

泰国购买和销售税报告

After you configure your product, follow the standard purchase flow.

Create a purchase order from Purchase ‣ Orders ‣ Purchase Order. Then, confirm the order to display a Receipt smart button. Click on the Receipt smart button to Validate the receipt.

Go to Inventory ‣ Operations ‣ Landed Costs, and create a new record. Add the transfer that you just created, and both: the product Pedimento and Customs number.

Optionally, you can add a cost amount. After this, validate the landed cost. Once Posted, all products related to that receipt have the customs number assigned.

警告

You can only add the Pedimentos number once, so be careful when associating the correct number with the transfer(s).

Now, create a sales order, and confirm it. This should trigger a Delivery smart button. Validate it.

Finally, create an invoice from the sales order, and confirm it. The invoice line related to your product has a customs number in it. This number should match the customs number added in the Landed Costs record you created earlier.

电子会计

For Mexico, Electronic Accounting refers to the obligation to keep accounting records and entries through electronic means, and to enter accounting information on a monthly basis, through the SAT website.

It consists of three main XML files:

1. The updated list of the chart of accounts that you are currently using.

2. A monthly trial balance, plus a closing entry report, also known as: Trial Balance Month 13.

3. Either optional, or for a compulsory audit, an export of the journal entries in your general ledger.

The resulting XML files follow the requirements of the Anexo Técnico de Contabilidad Electrónica 1.3.

In addition to this, you can generate the DIOT: A report of vendor’s journal entries that involve IVA taxes that can be exported in a .txt file.

In order to use these reports, the modules l10n_mx_reports, l10n_mx_reports_closing, l10n_mx_xml_polizas and l10n_mx_xml_polizas_edi have to be installed, as well as the Accounting.

重要

The specific characteristics and obligations of the reports that you send might change according to your fiscal regime. Always contact your accountant before sending any documents to the government.

科目表

The chart of accounts in México follows a specific pattern based on SAT’s’ Código agrupador de cuentas.

You can create any account, as long as it respects SAT’s encoding group: the pattern is NNN.YY.ZZ or NNN.YY.ZZZ.

Example

Some examples are 102.01.99 or 401.01.001.

When a new account is created in Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Chart of Accounts, with the SAT encoding group pattern, the correct grouping code appears in Tags, and your account appears in the COA report.

Once you create all your accounts, make sure the correct Tags are added.

注解

You cannot use any pattern that ends a section with a 0 (such as 100.01.01, 301.00.003 or 604.77.00). This triggers errors in the report.

Once everything is set up, go to Accounting ‣ Reporting ‣ Trial Balance, click the (down arrow) next to the PDF button, and select COA SAT (XML). This generates an XML file with your accounts, which you can upload directly to the SAT website.

试算表

The trial balance reports the initial balance, credit, and total balance of your accounts, provided that you added their correct encoding group.

To generate this report in an XML format, go to Accounting ‣ Reporting ‣ Trial Balance. Select the month you want to download in the calendar, then click the (down arrow) next to the PDF button, and select SAT (XML).

注解

Odoo does not generate the Balanza de Comprobación Complementaria.

Month 13 trial balance

The Month 13 report is a closing balance sheet that shows any adjustments or movements made in the accounting to close the year.

To generate it, proceed as follows:

1. Go to Accounting ‣ Accounting ‣ Journal Entries and create a new entry for all the amounts to be changed, balancing the debit and/or credit of each one.

2. In the Other Info tab, enable the Month 13 Closing option.

3. Go to Accounting ‣ Reporting ‣ Trial Balance, click the calendar, and select Month 13.

4. Click the (down arrow) next to the PDF button, and select SAT (XML).

总账

By law, all transactions in Mexico must be recorded digitally. Since Odoo automatically creates all the underlying journal entries of your invoicing and payments, you can export your journal entries to comply with SAT’s audits and/or tax refunds.

小技巧

You can filter by period, or by journal, according to your current needs.

To create the XML, go to Accounting ‣ Reporting ‣ General Ledger, click the (down arrow) next to the PDF button, and select XML (Polizas). In the XML Polizas Export Options window, choose between four different Export types:

• 税名:

• 身份证号码

• Return of goods

• Compensation

For Tax audit or Audit certification, you need to write the Order Number provided by the SAT. For Return of goods, or Compensation, you need to write your Process Number, also provided by the SAT.

注解

If you want to see this report without sending it, use ABC6987654/99 for Order Number and AB123451234512 for Process Number.

DIOT 报告

The DIOT (Declaración Informativa de Operaciones con Terceros / Informative Declaration of Operations with Third Parties) is an additional obligation with the SAT, where the current status of creditable and non-creditable payments, withholdings, and refunds of VAT from your vendor bills, are provided to the SAT.

Unlike other reports, the DIOT is uploaded to a software provided by the SAT that contains the A-29 form. In Odoo, you can download the records of your transactions as a .txt file that can be uploaded to the form, avoiding direct capture of this data.

The transactions file contains the total amount of your payments registered in vendor bills, broken down into the corresponding types of IVA. The VAT and Country is mandatory for all vendors.

To generate the DIOT report, go to Accounting ‣ Reporting ‣ Tax Reports. Select the month you want to download in the calendar, then click the (down arrow) next to the PDF button to select Report: DIOT (MX) and download the .txt file.

重要

You need to fill the L10N Mx Type of Operation field in the Accounting tab of each one of your vendors to prevent validation errors. Make sure that your foreign customers have their country set up for L10N Mx Nationality to appear automatically.