Automation rules

Automation rules are used to trigger automatic changes based on user actions (e.g., apply a modification when a field is set to a specific value), email events, time conditions (e.g., archive a record 7 days after its last update), or external events.

To create an automation rule with Studio, proceed as follows:

1. Open Studio and click Automations, then New.

2. Select the 触发器 and, if necessary, fill in the fields that appear on the screen based on the chosen trigger.

3. Click Add an action, then select the Type of action and fill in the fields that appear on the screen based on your selected action.

4. Click Save & Close or Save & New.

Example

小技巧

• To modify the model of the automation rule, switch models before clicking Automations in Studio, or activate the developer mode, create or edit an automation rule, and select the Model in the Automation Rules form.

• You can also create automation rules from any kanban stage by clicking the gear icon (⚙ ) next to the kanban stage name, then selecting Automations. In this case, the Trigger is set to Stage is set to by default, but you can change it if necessary.

  

触发器

The Trigger is used to define when the automation rule should be applied. The available triggers depend on the model. Five trigger categories are available overall:

• Values Updated

• Email Events

• Timing Conditions

• 自定义

• 外部的

小技巧

You can also define a Before Update Domain to specify the conditions that must be met before the automation rule is triggered. In contrast, the conditions defined using the Extra Conditions and Apply on filters are checked during the execution of the automation rule.

To define a Before Update Domain, activate the developer mode, create or edit an automation rule, click Edit Domain, then click New Rule.

For example, if you want the automated action to happen when an email address is set on a contact that did not have an address before (in contrast to modifying their existing address), define the Before Update Domain to Email is not set, and the Apply on domain to Email is set.

Values Updated

The triggers available in this category depend on the model and are based on common field changes, such as adding a specific tag (e.g., to a task) or setting the User field. Select the trigger, then select a value if required.

Email Events

Trigger automated actions upon receiving or sending emails.

Timing Conditions

Trigger automated actions based on a date field. The following triggers are available:

• Based on date field: Select the field to be used next to the Delay field.

• After creation: The action is triggered when a record is created and saved.

• After last update: The action is triggered when an existing record is edited and saved.

You can then define:

• a Delay: Specify the number of minutes, hours, days, or months. To trigger the action before the trigger date, specify a negative number. If you selected the Based on date field trigger, you must also select the date field to be used to determine the delay.

• Extra Conditions: Click Add condition, then specify the conditions to be met to trigger the automation rule. Click New Rule to add another condition.

The action is triggered when the delay is reached and the conditions are met.

Example

If you want to send a reminder email 30 minutes before the start of a calendar event, select the Start (Calendar Event) under Trigger Date and set the Delay to -30 Minutes.

注解

By default, the scheduler checks for trigger dates every 4 hours, meaning lower granularity in time-based automations may not always be honored.

自定义

Trigger automated actions:

• On save: When the record is saved;

• On deletion: When a record is deleted;

• On UI change: When a field’s value is changed on the Form view, even before saving the record.

For the On save and On UI change triggers, you must then select the field(s) to be used to trigger the automation rule in the When updating field.

警告

If no field is selected in the When updating field, the automated action may be executed multiple times per record.

Optionally, you can also define additional conditions to be met to trigger the automation rule in the Apply on field.

注解

The On UI change trigger can only be used with the Execute Code action and only works when a modification is made manually. The action is not executed if the field is changed through another automation rule.

外部的

Trigger automated actions based on an external event using a webhook. A webhook is a method of communication between two systems where the source system sends an HTTP(S) request to a destination system based on a specific event. It usually includes a data payload containing information about the event that occurred.

To configure the On webhook trigger, copy the URL generated by Odoo into the destination system (i.e., the system receiving the request). Then, in the Target Record field, enter the code to run to define the record(s) to be updated using the automation rule.

警告

The URL must be treated as confidential; sharing it online or without caution could potentially expose your system to malicious parties. Click the Rotate Secret button to change the URL’s secret if necessary.

注解

• The code defined by default in the Target Record field works for webhooks coming from another Odoo database. It is used to determine the record(s) to be updated using the information in the payload.

• If you wish to use the webhook’s content for a purpose other than to find the record(s) (e.g., create a record), your only option is to use an Execute Code action. In this case, the Target record field must contain any valid code, but its result doesn’t have any effect on the automated action itself.

• The webhook content is available in the server action context as a payload variable (i.e., a dictionary that contains the GET parameters or POST JSON body of the incoming request).

You can also choose to Log Calls to record the payloads received, e.g., to make sure the data sent by the source system matches the expected format and content. This also helps identify and diagnose any issues that may arise. To access the logs, click the Logs smart button at the top of the Automation rules form.

操作

Once you have defined the automation rule’s trigger, click Add an action to define the action to be executed.

小技巧

You can define multiple actions for the same trigger/automation rule. The actions are executed in the order they are defined. This means, for example, that if you define an Update record action and then a Send email action, the email uses the updated values. However, if the Send email action is defined before the Update record action, the email uses the values set before the update action is run.

Update Record

This action allows to update one of the record’s (related) fields. Click the Update field and, in the list that opens, select or search for the field to be updated; click the right arrow next to the field name to access the list of related fields if needed.

If you selected a many2many field, choose whether the field must be updated by Adding, Removing, or Setting it to the selected value or by Clearing it.

Example

If you want the automated action to remove a tag from the customer record, set the Update field to Customer > Tags, select By Removing, then select the tag.

小技巧

Alternatively, you can also set a record’s field dynamically using Python code. To do so, select Compute instead of Update, then enter the code to be used for computing the field’s value. For example, if you want the automation rule to compute a custom datetime field when a task’s priority is set to High (by starring the task), you can define the trigger Priority is set to to High and define the Update Record action as follows:

Create Activity

This action is used to schedule a new activity linked to the record. Select an Activity Type, enter a Title and description, then specify when you want the activity to be scheduled in the Due Date In field, and select a User type:

• To always assign the activity to the same user, select Specific User and add the user in the Responsible field;

• To target a user linked to the record dynamically, select Dynamic User (based on record) and change the User Field if necessary.

Example

After a lead is turned into an opportunity, you want the automated action to set up a call for the user responsible for the lead. To do so, set the Activity Type to Call and the User Type to Dynamic User (based on record).

Send Email and Send SMS

These actions are used to send an email or a text message to a contact linked to a specific record. To do so, select or create an Email Template or an SMS Template, then, in the Send Email As or Send SMS As field, choose how you want to send the email or text message:

• Email: to send the message as an email to the recipients of the Email Template.

• Message: to post the message on the record and notify the record’s followers.

• Note: to send the message as an internal note visible to internal users in the chatter.

• SMS (without note): to send the message as a text message to the recipients of the SMS template.

• SMS (with note): to send the message as a text message to the recipients of the SMS template and post it as an internal note in the chatter.

• Note only: to only post the message as an internal note in the chatter.

Add Followers and Remove Followers

Use these actions to (un)subscribe existing contacts to/from the record.

Create Record

This action is used to create a new record on any model.

Select the required model in the Record to Create field; it contains the current model by default. Specify a Name for the record, and then, if you want to create the record on another model, select a field in the Link Field field to link the record that triggered the creation of the new record.

注解

The dropdown list related to the Link Field field only contains one2many fields existing on the current model that are linked to a many2one field on the target model.

小技巧

You can create another automation rule with Update Record actions to update the fields of the new record if necessary. For example, you can use a Create Record action to create a new project task and then assign it to a specific user using an Update Record action.

Execute Code

This action is used to execute Python code. You can write your code into the Code tab using the following variables:

• env: environment on which the action is triggered

• model: model of the record on which the action is triggered; is a void recordset

• record: record on which the action is triggered; may be void

• records: recordset of all records on which the action is triggered in multi-mode; this may be left empty

• time, datetime, dateutil, timezone: useful Python libraries

• float_compare: utility function to compare floats based on specific precision

• log(message, level='info'): logging function to record debug information in ir.logging table

• _logger.info(message): logger to emit messages in server logs

• UserError: exception class for raising user-facing warning messages

• Command: x2many commands namespace

• action = {...}: to return an action

小技巧

The available variables are described both in the Code and Help tabs.

Send Webhook Notification

This action allows to send a POST request with the values of the Fields to the URL specified in the URL field.

The Sample Payload provides a preview of the data included in the request using a random record’s data or dummy data if no record is available.

Execute Existing Actions

The action is used to trigger multiple actions (linked to the current model) at the same time. To do so, click on Add a line, then, in the Add: Child Actions pop-up, select an existing action or click New to create a new one.