自定义视图类型

子类化现有视图

假设我们需要创建一个通用视图的自定义版本。例如,一个带有一些额外的带状小部件的看板视图(用于显示一些特定的自定义信息)。在这种情况下,可以按照以下几个步骤完成:

  1. 扩展看板控制器/渲染器/模型并在视图注册表中注册。

    custom_kanban_controller.js
    import { KanbanController } from "@web/views/kanban/kanban_controller";
    import { kanbanView } from "@web/views/kanban/kanban_view";
    import { registry } from "@web/core/registry";
    
    // the controller usually contains the Layout and the renderer.
    class CustomKanbanController extends KanbanController {
        // Your logic here, override or insert new methods...
        // if you override setup(), don't forget to call super.setup()
    }
    
    CustomKanbanController.template = "my_module.CustomKanbanView";
    
    export const customKanbanView = {
        ...kanbanView, // contains the default Renderer/Controller/Model
        Controller: CustomKanbanController,
    };
    
    // Register it to the views registry
    registry.category("views").add("custom_kanban", customKanbanView);
    

    在我们的自定义看板中,我们定义了一个新的模板。我们可以继承看板控制器模板并添加我们的模板片段,或者我们可以定义一个全新的模板。

    custom_kanban_controller.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <templates>
        <t t-name="my_module.CustomKanbanView" t-inherit="web.KanbanView">
            <xpath expr="//Layout" position="before">
                <div>
                    Hello world !
                </div>
            </xpath>
        </t>
    </templates>
    
  2. 在arch中使用具有 js_class 属性的视图。

    <kanban js_class="custom_kanban">
        <templates>
            <t t-name="kanban-box">
                <!--Your comment-->
            </t>
        </templates>
    </kanban>
    

扩展视图的可能性是无限的。虽然我们只在这里扩展了控制器,但您还可以扩展渲染器以添加新的按钮,修改记录的呈现方式,或自定义下拉菜单,以及扩展其他组件,如模型和 buttonTemplate

从头开始创建一个新视图

创建新视图是一个高级主题。本指南仅强调必要的步骤。

  1. 创建控制器。

    控制器的主要作用是促进视图的各个组件之间的协调,如渲染器、模型和布局。

    beautiful_controller.js
    import { Layout } from "@web/search/layout";
    import { useService } from "@web/core/utils/hooks";
    import { Component, onWillStart, useState} from "@odoo/owl";
    
    export class BeautifulController extends Component {
        setup() {
            this.orm = useService("orm");
    
            // The controller create the model and make it reactive so whenever this.model is
            // accessed and edited then it'll cause a rerendering
            this.model = useState(
                new this.props.Model(
                    this.orm,
                    this.props.resModel,
                    this.props.fields,
                    this.props.archInfo,
                    this.props.domain
                )
            );
    
            onWillStart(async () => {
                await this.model.load();
            });
        }
    }
    
    BeautifulController.template = "my_module.View";
    BeautifulController.components = { Layout };
    

    控制器的模板显示带有布局和渲染器的控制面板。

    beautiful_controller.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <templates xml:space="preserve">
        <t t-name="my_module.View">
            <Layout display="props.display" className="'h-100 overflow-auto'">
                <t t-component="props.Renderer" records="model.records" propsYouWant="'Hello world'"/>
            </Layout>
        </t>
    </templates>
    
  2. 创建渲染器。

    渲染器的主要功能是通过渲染包含记录的视图来生成数据的可视化表示。

    beautiful_renderer.js
    import { Component } from "@odoo/owl";
    export class BeautifulRenderer extends Component {}
    
    BeautifulRenderer.template = "my_module.Renderer";
    
    beautiful_renderer.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <templates xml:space="preserve">
        <t t-name="my_module.Renderer">
            <t t-esc="props.propsYouWant"/>
            <t t-foreach="props.records" t-as="record" t-key="record.id">
                // Show records
            </t>
        </t>
    </templates>
    
  3. 创建模型。

    模型的作用是在视图中检索和管理所有必要的数据。

    beautiful_model.js
    import { KeepLast } from "@web/core/utils/concurrency";
    
    export class BeautifulModel {
        constructor(orm, resModel, fields, archInfo, domain) {
            this.orm = orm;
            this.resModel = resModel;
            // We can access arch information parsed by the beautiful arch parser
            const { fieldFromTheArch } = archInfo;
            this.fieldFromTheArch = fieldFromTheArch;
            this.fields = fields;
            this.domain = domain;
            this.keepLast = new KeepLast();
        }
    
        async load() {
            // The keeplast protect against concurrency call
            const { length, records } = await this.keepLast.add(
                this.orm.webSearchRead(this.resModel, this.domain, [this.fieldsFromTheArch], {})
            );
            this.records = records;
            this.recordsLength = length;
        }
    }
    

    注解

    对于高级情况,不必从头开始创建模型,也可以使用 RelationalModel,它被其他视图使用。

  4. 创建arch解析器。

    arch解析器的作用是解析arch视图,以便视图可以访问信息。

    beautiful_arch_parser.js
    import { XMLParser } from "@web/core/utils/xml";
    
    export class BeautifulArchParser extends XMLParser {
        parse(arch) {
            const xmlDoc = this.parseXML(arch);
            const fieldFromTheArch = xmlDoc.getAttribute("fieldFromTheArch");
            return {
                fieldFromTheArch,
            };
        }
    }
    
  5. 创建视图并将所有部分组合在一起,然后在视图注册表中注册视图。

    beautiful_view.js
    import { registry } from "@web/core/registry";
    import { BeautifulController } from "./beautiful_controller";
    import { BeautifulArchParser } from "./beautiful_arch_parser";
    import { BeautifylModel } from "./beautiful_model";
    import { BeautifulRenderer } from "./beautiful_renderer";
    
    export const beautifulView = {
        type: "beautiful",
        display_name: "Beautiful",
        icon: "fa fa-picture-o", // the icon that will be displayed in the Layout panel
        multiRecord: true,
        Controller: BeautifulController,
        ArchParser: BeautifulArchParser,
        Model: BeautifulModel,
        Renderer: BeautifulRenderer,
    
        props(genericProps, view) {
            const { ArchParser } = view;
            const { arch } = genericProps;
            const archInfo = new ArchParser().parse(arch);
    
            return {
                ...genericProps,
                Model: view.Model,
                Renderer: view.Renderer,
                archInfo,
            };
        },
    };
    
    registry.category("views").add("beautifulView", beautifulView);
    
  6. Declare the view in the arch.

    ...
    <record id="my_beautiful_view" model="ir.ui.view">
      <field name="name">my_view</field>
      <field name="model">my_model</field>
      <field name="arch" type="xml">
          <beautiful fieldFromTheArch="res.partner"/>
      </field>
    </record>
    ...